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Hester Vaughn, or Vaughan,〔Some contemporary newspaper accounts spelled her name as ''Vaughn'' and others as ''Vaughan'', and the same is true of academic studies. The ''Philadelphia Inquirer'', which covered the trial itself, used ''Vaughn''. ''The Revolution'', which afterwards conducted a campaign in her defense, used ''Vaughan''. The ''New York Times'' article on the mass meeting in her defense used ''Vaughn'' except when quoting directly from resolutions passed by the meeting, which used ''Vaughan''.〕 was a domestic worker in Philadelphia who was arrested in 1868 on a charge of killing her newborn infant and sentenced to hang after being found guilty of infanticide. ''The Revolution'', a women's rights newspaper established by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, launched a campaign to win her release from prison. The Working Women's Association, an organization that was formed in the offices of ''The Revolution'', organized a mass meeting in New York City in her defense. Eventually Vaughn was pardoned and deported back to her native England. ==Arrest and trial== Hester Vaughn was an Englishwoman who came to the U.S. in 1863 with a man she thought she had married. He was a bigamist, however, and he deserted her to go back to his first wife. Vaughn then took employment as a domestic worker in Philadelphia, where she became pregnant. She gave birth alone in 1868 in a rented room, where she was found lying beside her dead baby.〔This outline of Vaughn's story comes from footnotes by Ann D. Gordon to an article called "Infanticide" in ''The Revolution'', August 6, 1868, p. 74, which is reprinted in Gordon (2000), (pp. 158–159 ). Contemporary sources provide other variations of this story, but they are often contradictory. For example, one version says that the man who impregnated Vaughn was her employer, while another says that she refused to identify him.〕 Vaughn was arrested on a charge of infanticide and put on trial. According to a contemporary Philadelphia newspaper account, the coroner testified that the newborn baby had suffered severe injuries to the skull. Vaughn was reported to have said that she had been startled by someone coming into her room and had fallen on the baby, killing it.〔 (''Philadelphia Inquirer'', July 1, 1868, p. 2 ), under the heading "Legal Intelligence." The conclusion of this trial is reported in the same newspaper on (page 3 of the issue for July 2 ) beneath the same heading. These digitized newspaper images are produced by the Fultonhistory.com service.〕 The jury found her guilty of deliberately killing her child, and she was sentenced to be hanged. The judge later said infanticide had become so common that "some woman must be made an example of."〔"The Case of Hester Vaughan," (''The Revolution'', December 10, 1868 ), pp. 357–358.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hester Vaughn」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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